Karl Hindle outlines why you must consider the SEO value of your existing site when making design changes. Today he covers how you can reduce the risk of losing your search engine rankings when improving the look and feel of your website with a makeover.
Redesigning Your Website Without Damaging SEO Value

SEO Issues and Website Overhauls
If you’re savvy enough to have had a website for several years, more power to you, but like anything else as a site ages it will start to look and feel like a geriatric. Users demand more functionality, faster page loading speeds and more interactive and engaging content to play with.
An older site is simply not going to be able to work as well as the latest models running off the production line, and that means diminishing ROI from your website.
I’ve recently had a slew of clients talking about site redesigns, which is a good thing, but the biggest headache is not how the new site is going to look or how sleek and fast it will be, but whether the website’s existing search engine rankings are going to be affected by the changeover. There is always a risk this may happen no matter what preventative steps you take, but you are virtually guaranteed a drop in rankings if you approach the makeover in a cavalier or haphazard fashion.
I write this blog for the benefit of business people looking to use the Web to generate ROI, and not for technical geeks who want to debate to the Nth degree in an abstract dialect, but some technical language is unavoidable.
Caveat: this post deals with a site redesign but NOT what happens when you migrate your site from one domain name to another – for instance www.company1.com is changed to www.company2.com – that scenario is outwardly a similar, but practically a very different can of worms!
Two Big Issues with Redesigning Your Site
Firstly, Google does not tend to like a lot of things to change at the same time. For example, changing all the content (different words, images, video on a page which previously ranked); the domain registration information or where the website is hosted. If you change too much all at the same time, Google seems to flip a switch and demotes you. I think this is because such changes are seen by Google to occur when a site changes hands, so it will wait until it can “trust” you again, even though it is still you.
Secondly, changing a website can alter the URL structure of the site. A URL is the website address you input into the navigation bar in your web browser, for instance www.google.com or www.karlhindleseo.com
Let’s take a closer look at what I mean here:
You have a website and your products section has a URL which looks like this – www.companydomain.com/products The new design team comes in and they make some slight changes to where everything is arranged on your website, so now the URL to get to the same content becomes www.companydomain.com/US/products – while the content on the new webpage looks the same as the old website, the URL itself has changed.
Why is this a “bad thing”?
The answer is that the search engines will have given SEO credit to the old URL, plus any SEO work will have been directed at building links to that old URL. Now you have a new URL housing the same content, but the credit is being given to the old version and the links built will not be changed to the new URL but retain the old version – the SEO credit is not directly transferrable.
The result: the new web page does not rank and the old URL starts dropping out of the SERPs (Search Engine Ranking Position).
What Can You Do To Retain the SEO Value and SERPs for Your Website?

The first thing you need to do – and I mean you really need to do this – is to retain someone who truly knows what the ramifications are for your site’s SEO value.
Overhauling a website is not for the gifted amateur or for the web developer who dabbles in SEO on the side.
Here is my basic Redesign/SEO checklist of things you should be doing to preserve your site’s SEO value:
Retain the Old Navigation Structure and Page URLs
If you do this you stand a much better chance of escaping any SEO shifts, because while your site may look different, it won’t to the search engine algorithm.
You may not be able to keep the navigation of your site exactly the same, but that is not so important as making sure that the old URLs match up to the new URLs exactly.
Even then, this is not always possible, so where you have old URLs which are not the same as the new ones, you can use a technique known as a “301 Redirect“.
A 301 Redirect tells a search engine that your content has been permanently moved from one URL to another. Most of the time, this works with Google after an initial bouncing around, but be warned, sometimes the 301 Redirect is itself rejected and you will need to work out a Plan B to save your rankings.
Change Nothing Unless You Have To
I’ve already mentioned that Google in particular does not seem to like a lot of change happening with a website. If you are engaged in a redesign, that’s OK, but don’t change where you host it or amend the domain registration information or anything else which you don’t need to change at the same time.
If you have a blog, don’t move it off or on to the main domain (main domain means main company website) at the same time as performing a redesign. Instead, leave it where it is for the time being and come back after the redesign changes have taken effect with the search engines.
For instance, I am currently working with a client who has an off-site blog, e.g. www.companyblog.com, which is not on the main site, i.e. www.company.com or the main domain. One issue they want to resolve, as part of their redesign, is to bring the blog onto the main company website (normally a good SEO move), so it would be www.company.com/blog. However, introducing, or removing, a large chunk of content is contributing to a lot of change to the website, so it is better if we handle such changes in piecemeal fashion.
Generally, my advice is to change nothing except what you have to change. Allow those changes to be picked up by Google, Bing, et al, and then return after two or three months and perform another change, such as adding the company blog content onto the main site.
Make Sure You Only Have One Website – Canonical Issues
Search engines do not like duplicate content and if they believe you are copying from somewhere else, for instance simply cutting and pasting someone else’s work into your own website, they will not give you any SEO credit.
You may already have heard about how Google penalizes duplicate content, but in fact Google doesn’t penalize you, it simply ignores you.
But I hear you say, “My site is 100% original content – how can this apply to me?”
Look at these URLs – try putting them into your web browser and see what happens:
KarlHindleSEO.com
www.KarlHindleSEO.com
http://www.KarlHindleSEO.com
They all take you to the same website – this one. But look more closely in the browser navigation bar – in particular, watch what happens when you try the 1st and 3rd URLs – you see the URL change by itself to www.KarlHindleSEO.com – the www version.
What is happening and what has this got to do with duplicate content?

Berns Triplets Courtesy of ABC News
My site deliberately reverts to the www version of the URL no matter what variation you put into the navigation bar.
The reason for this is because unless you tell the search engines, “This URL version is the one I want you to give all the credit to and none to the others.” They will assume that you have several different websites with the same content. In other words, they treat each URL variation as a completely different website address – you have the same content published on 3 separate websites.
This is known as the “Canonical Issue” – canonical comes from the old English word, “canon” which essentially means the original source.
Which URL version you use is up to you – personally I use the www version because I find most people/users are more comfortable with that as it is what they have grown up with. You may choose another version, but a hint here is to make sure you build links using only the URL version you have selected as your canonical site and encourage everyone else to use the same URL format.
Stay On Top of the Designer/Developer
Web designers (who design what a site looks like) and web developers (who code sites) are frequently one and the same, and there is a lot of overlap between the two so we use the terms as synonyms.
What is not widely understood is that there is a very big gulf between a web developer/designer and an SEO/Internet Marketer. The former designs/builds the car body, the latter drives it very fast.
Too often, I have been consulted after the fact when a redesign has been launched, only for the website’s ROI to plummet because the rankings have been damaged – a case of the surgery was a success but the patient died (or is in dire need of resuscitation).
It is your responsibility to stay on top of your developer/designer and unless you have a trusted SEO expert on retainer, here are some questions to ask your designer/developer and the reasons why:
1. Is the code you are using able to be seen by the search engines?
There are many different coding languages to render a website, and they offer advantages and disadvantages for each. A major disadvantage is using code which cannot be “seen” by a search engine, and the major culprit is known as “Flash”. Flash produces great looking websites, full of interactive video and smooth loading imagery, however search engines cannot see or watch it and any content contained within it is invisible to them. This means you get no SEO credit for it, and making it rank as you continue with SEO is extremely difficult.
Make sure the coding language used to create your website is visible to the search engines.

2. Have you installed an XML Sitemap?
A Sitemap is simply a map of your website, and charts out where all the pages are on the site. You probably have seen one when designing or redesigning the site.
An XML Sitemap is simply a map which is used by the search engines to help them understand what you have on the website, where the content is and it helps the search engines to get you indexed faster. They are simple to create and load, and while they are visible to search engines, human users can’t see them.
Always make sure an XML Sitemap is installed.
3. Will page loading speeds be improved?
How fast a page loads is a factor in how high you rank in Google search results. An old site is likely to be slower than a new site, but the page speed depends on how graphics heavy the site is and how “clean” the coding is (from a design point of view).
If your web developer is not coding in clean code, which means they have a lot of convoluted instructions for loading up the page elements, then this will slow down how fast the site loads.
Also, the graphics and video used should be “compressed” and properly sized. The smaller the size of an image, then the faster it will load, but it is possible to have a “small” looking image actually be a great big file because it has not been properly resized. If you see a photo taking its time to load on the screen, this is an indicator of incorrect resizing which should be addressed and this will speed up the site.
4. Have you installed a robots.txt file?
A robots.txt file tells a search engine what you don’t want included within the results (specifically the Index of the search engine, which is the database the search engine builds and uses to then select the results from which you will see on the results page).
You will use a robots.txt file when you don’t want sections of the site to be “seen”, such as the dev (development) section or the site administration section. If you do include them in results, then this simply dilutes your SEO ranking power because pages and content which have no user value steal some of it.
Always make sure a robots.txt file is installed before you launch the site because it is easier to keep content out of the Index than try to get it removed once it is in.
5. Have you transferred the SEO titles, tags and descriptions?
This is extremely important!
Titles, tags and descriptions are used by search engines to understand what a website page is all about. The page title is probably the most single, important SEO factor of all, but all of them carry a lot of SEO weight.
If these are not carried over to the new redesigned site, you are heading for a drop in rankings no matter what else you do, so it is vital they are transferred properly.
Finally…Launching the New Site and Deleting the Old Version
My advice is to keep where you host the site the same as before, at least until the changes have taken effect and Google is cool with what you have done. This means you will have an old site and new version on the same server (the computer where the files for your website are stored and which users see when they visit your site on the Web).
When the time comes to launch the redesigned site, you should make a backup copy of the old site first. Then make the change and ensure you delete the old site and remove all the old files off the server.
This is done to ensure that the search engines cannot still “see” the old site files and are in no doubt that your redesigned site is the one you now want them to count and rank in the results.
Remember, just because you cannot see a website does not mean a search engine cannot see it – they are using different “eyes” than real humans.

Key Points
Redesigns are necessary to improve user engagement, speed up slow sites and enhance functionality.
Don’t change things unless you need to; break big changes down into smaller piecemeal steps which are executed over time.
Retain an SEO who truly understands what is involved to avoid damaging or losing your search engine rankings.
Site redesigns involve complex SEO issues which may not be readily apparent at first glance.
(c) Karl Hindle – 2012
Email: karl4work@gmail.com
Cell: 804.882.0944 for business enquiries
More reading
Google’s Webmaster blog on migrating your domain to a new one – do not try this at home children!
Google’s take on building high quality websites - pithy but gives you an idea of how Google’s search team thinks
Local Search Issues by Karl Hindle - my last SEO post on local search and leveraging your physical location within SERPs